无损探伤

1. 基于电力线载波的注水测调通信系统的研究 孙 伟1， 宋海芝2
（1.上海交通大学机械学院，上海 200240；2.中国石化胜利油田现河采油厂地质所，山东 东营 257068）

摘 要：针对油田注水井测试调节系统中存在的问题，提出并设计了基于电力线载波（PLC）的远程测调技术方案。利用LonWorks现场总线处理通信任务的优势，以电力线为通信载体，以PLT-22为电力线收发器，采用神经元芯片实现通信控制并完成注水测调的任务。通过电力线载波实现地面设备与井下仪器的通信，解决了井下仪器的供电问题，更解决了现有测调系统实时性差和不稳定的问题，进一步提高了井下配注的准确性和测调系统的工作效率。

关键词：电力线载波；神经元芯片；PLT-22收发器；注水测调；通信
中图分类号：TN915.853；TE19 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0001-03

Study of communication system of injection test modification based on PLC SUN Wei1， SONG Hai-zhi2
（1. School of Mechanical Engineering，Shanghai Jiaotong University，Shanghai 200240，China；
2. Institute for Geological Research of Xianhe Oil Production Factory，Shengli Oil Field of Sinopec，Dongying 257068，China）

Abstract: In order to solve problems of injection test modification in oil field， a new remote test technology project based on PLC was designed， which uses Lon Works field bus and power line transceiver PLT-22 to deal with communication affairs， and made use of the neuron chip to achieve communication control and injection test modification. As communication between above-ground equipment and sub-well instrument was realized by PLC， the problem of power of sub-well instrument has been solved. Especially， the key problems of real-time and stability in the existing equipments can be solved. Hereby accuracy and working efficiency of systems can be further enhanced.

Key words: PLC； Neuron chip； PLT-22； Injection test modification； Communication

2. 机械结构实验模态分析及典型应用 黄 捷， 季 忠， 段虎明， 秦树人
（重庆大学机械工程学院测试中心，重庆 400030）

摘 要：为了验证QLV-MA2型一体化虚拟式模态分析仪在机械结构实验模态分析中的可靠性和适用性，根据模态分析的基本原理，采用QLV-MA2型一体化虚拟式模态分析仪对典型的机械结构（如简支梁与摩托车车架）进行了模态试验与分析。实验结果表明，模态分析方法通过QLV-MA2型一体化模态分析仪在机械结构中的应用是有效可行的。

关键词：实验模态分析；机械结构；简支梁；摩托车车架
中图分类号：TH164；TP15 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0004-05

Experimental modal analysis of mechanical structure and typical applications
HUANG Jie， JI Zhong， DUAN Hu-ming， QIN Shu-ren
（Test Center of College of Mechanical Engineering，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400030，China）

Abstract: For the purpose of confirming the reliability and validity in the modal test to these mechanical structures with the integrative QLV-MA2 virtual instrument of modal analysis. According to the basic principle of model analysis， the modal test and analysis on these typical mechanical structures， such as simple supported beam and motorcycle frame， was carried out with the integrative QLV-MA2 virtual instrument of modal analysis. Test results demonstrate that， with the integrative QLV-MA2 virtual instrument of modal analysis， the method in the application of mechanical structures is feasible and effective.

Key words: Experimental modal analysis； Mechanical structure； Simple supported beam； Motorcycle frame

3. 工况监测与控制在电磁兼容检测中的应用 扈罗全1，2， 吴景贤1， Chen Yifan3
（1. 苏州出入境检验检疫局，江苏 苏州 215104 ；2. 中国检验检疫科学研究院电气研究室，江苏 苏州 215104； 3. 格林威治大学工程学院，英国 伦敦）

摘 要：根据电磁兼容检测标准中对待测物使用工况的要求，介绍了两种配合现有电磁兼容测量系统的辅助装置：低噪声工况信息记录仪和电磁兼容综合电参量测试仪。详细介绍了工况监测与控制仪器的设计原理，设计成功的该仪器引入极低的背景骚扰电平，完全满足相关测试标准对测试环境和测试系统配置的要求。对工况监测与控制装置在电磁兼容测试中的应用进行了详细分析，表明该装置可以应用在传导骚扰、骚扰功率和谐波电流发射测试。

关键词：电磁兼容；工况；辅助装置；传导骚扰；骚扰功率；谐波电流

中图分类号：O441.5；TP277 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0009-05

Monitoring and controlling on operation condition and its application in
electromagnetic compatibility testing HU Luo-quan1，2， WU Jing-xian1， CHEN Yi-fan3
（1. Suzhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau，Suzhou 215104，China；
2. Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Electric Institute，Suzhou 215104，China；
3. School of Engineering，University of Greenwich，London SE10 9LS，United Kingdom）

Abstract: According to the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility （EMC） standards for the operation condition of equipment under test， two kinds of novel auxiliary equipment， low noise recorder of the information of the operation condition of equipment and integrated EMC electrical parameter test equipment， were introduced. The design principle of the equipment for monitoring and controlling the operation condition were introduced in detail. Since the background noise level is lower enough， the measurement circumstance satisfies the requirement of EMC standards. Application of the new instruments for EMC measurement was analyzed in detail. The results demonstrate that it can be utilized in the measurement of the conducted emission， the disturbed power and harmonic current emission.

Key words: Electromagnetic compatibility（EMC）； Operation condition； Auxiliary equipment； Conduction disturbance； Disturbance power； Harmonic current

4. 分形特征的模拟电路故障诊断方法 李 伟， 李天伟， 王桂军， 易成涛
（海军大连舰艇学院航海系，辽宁 大连 116018）

摘 要：针对模拟电路中存在的非线性问题，提出一种以模拟电路分形特征为输入量的故障诊断方法。通过对多测试分量数据进行分形特征提取，输入神经网络建立信息融合中心融合处理各分形特征量，利用多源性互补信息减少模拟电路故障诊断的不确定性。实验结果表明，该故障诊断方法可准确地检测出模拟电路中的故障现象。

关键词：分形维；模拟电路；特征提取；故障诊断；信息融合；神经网络
中图分类号：TM133；TP277 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0014-04

A fault diagnosis method for analog circuits based on fractal characteristic
LI Wei， LI Tian-wei， WANG Gui-jun， YI Cheng-tao
（Department of Navigation，Dalian Naval Academy，Dalian 116018，China）

Abstract: Feature extracting is a key technology in fault diagnosis of analog circuits. Fractal theory provides a new technical way. To solve the problem of fault diagnosis of strong nonlinear analog circuits， this paper proposed a fault diagnosis method based on fractal dimension. By dividing the fractal dimension of some testing data， setting up information fusion center based on neural network and merging every fractal dimension， the proposed method can reduce the uncertainty of fault diagnosis of analog circuits through many sources complementary information. The experimental results show that this fault diagnosis method can correctly detect the fault phenomena of analog circuits.

Key words: Fractal dimension； Analog circuits； Feature extracting； Fault diagnosis； Information fusion； Neural network
5. 高速数字电路信号完整性问题分析与解决方案 董小军1， 陈 岩2， 杨忠孝1
（1.电子科技大学自动化学院，四川 成都 610054；2.中国电子科技集团第30研究所，四川 成都 610041）

摘 要：为确保电路板制作前其信号完整性，缩短产品的开发周期，节约设计成本，利用信号完整性仿真工具，通过采用Cadence的PCBSI软件对其布局前的仿真，重点研究了电路拓扑结构问题，并提出相应的解决措施，具有工程应用实际参考价值。

关键词：高速电路；仿真；Cadence PCB SI软件；拓扑；信号完整性
中图分类号：TN431.2；TP391.9 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0018-04

Analysis and resolution of signal integrity in high speed digital circuit
DONG Xiao-jun1， CHEN Yan2， YANG Zhong-xiao1
（1. College of Automation Engineering，University of Electronic Science and Technology，Chengdu 610054，China；2. No. 30 Institute of CETC，Chengdu 610041，China）

Abstract: The simulating tools could discover the problem of signal integrity， shorten the period of designing and cut the budget. With the help of Cadence PCB SI software， simulation of high speed signal circuits before layout of one high speed control circuit of one communication project was introduced. The problem of topology was discussed and solutions were also provided. The article is a good design reference for engineering application.

Key words: High speed circuit； Simulation； Cadence PCB SI； Topology； Signal integrity

6. 反激变换器输出纹波电压分析与测量 徐 强， 董 威
（西安工业大学光电工程学院，陕西 西安 710032）

摘 要：针对反激变换器输出纹波电压比较大的缺点,分别分析了连续电流模式(CCM)、断续电流模式（DCM）的能量传输过程，并通过能量传输过程中反激变压器次级线圈电流和输出电容电压之间的关系，从根本上得出了反激变换器纹波产生的机理；对于纹波测量，总结出了三种正确的测量方法，并介绍了各种测量法的相关测量装置及相应注意事项，简述了EIAJ-RC9002A测量标准。实验测量表明，采用同轴电缆法测量纹波电压正确可行。

关键词：反激变换器；纹波；连续电流模式；断续电流模式；测量
中图分类号：TP212.1；TM935.2 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0022-04

Analysis of output ripple voltage of flyback converter and its measurement
XU Qiang， DONG Wei
（School of Optoelectronic Engineering，Xi’an Technological University，Xi’an 710032，China）

Abstract: Flyback Converter has the weakness of high output ripple. The article has concluded the reason of high output ripple substantially by analyzing the relation of the current through the inductor and the voltage of capacitor during the energy transmission processes in continuous conduction mode（CCM） and discontinuous conduction mode （DCM）. For the measurement of ripple， three correct methods can be adopted. Some correlative devices， problems and the EIAJ-RC9002A method are introduced. The experimental results are in positive to the coaxial cable showing the feasibility of the proposed methods.

Key words: Flyback transformer； Ripple； Continuous current mode； Discontinuous current mode； Measurement

7. 表面裂纹在不同控制模式下的扩展特性 张利娟， 高灵清， 张亚军
（中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所，河南 洛阳 471039）

摘 要：在应变、载荷和位移三种控制模式下，采用Gross板状试样，研究了10CrNi5Mo高强钢在悬臂弯曲加载方式下低周疲劳表面裂纹扩展特性，研究结果表明:表面裂纹扩展速率d（2c）/dN在位移和载荷控制模式下差别不大，且都高于应变控制模式；三种控制模式都可以用裂纹前缘名义总应变范围ΔεT作为统一参量来描述表面裂纹疲劳扩展速率，且表达式与Paris公式类似，均满足幂函数规律；试验中通过不断调整载荷或位移的大小来保证应变恒定，会增加试验的操作难度和工作强度。

关键词：表面裂纹；控制模式；悬臂弯曲加载；扩展速率
中图分类号：TH49；TP15 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0026-04

Propagation characteristics of surface crack controlled by different modes
ZHANG Li-juan， GAO Ling-qing， ZHANG Ya-jun
（725 Research Institute，China Shipping Industry Corporation，Luoyang 471039，China）

Abstract: The propagation characteristics of low cycle fatigue surface crack of high strength steel 10CrNi5Mo was studied using Gross plate specimen under three control modes， strain， loading and displacement， at cantilever bend. The results indicated that the surface crack growth rate d（2c）/dN under displacement and loading control modes had no obvious difference and both of them were faster than that of strain control mode. The results also indicated that the nominal total strain range of the surface crack lip ΔεT could be used as a uniform parameter to describe the fatigue propagation of surface crack in these three control modes， and the expression is similar as Paris power function law. However， it would increase operational difficulty and work intensity if using the method of adjusting load or displacement to maintain strain constant.

Key words: Surface crack； Control mode； Loading at cantilever bend； Growth rate

8. 基于AHP的测试性分配方法研究 李金龙1，2， 陶凤和1， 贾长治1， 梁光建1
（1. 军械工程学院火炮工程系，河北 石家庄 050003； 2. 68243部队，甘肃 嘉峪关 735100）

摘 要：针对目前所采用的测试性分配方法的不足，提出了测试性分配分析框架，将产品复杂程度、测试性实现费用、技术水平、工作时间以及环境条件作为影响测试性分配的5项因素，引入层次分析法（AHP）确定各机构的重要性影响权重系数，确定了对测试性分配进行定量分析的方法。算例分析结果证明了该方法的合理性及可行性。

关键词：层次分析法；测试性分配；转向系统
中图分类号：TB9；TM930.12 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0030-04

Study on testability allocation method based on analytic of hierarchy process
LI Jin-long1，2， TAO Feng-he1， JIA Chang-zhi1， LIANG Guang-jian1
（1. Department of Guns Engineering，Ordnance Engineering College，Shijiazhuang 050003，China； 2. Unit 68243 of PLA，Jiayuguan 735100，China）

Abstract: The model of testability allocation analysis was put forward. In allusion to the limitation of present testability allocation methods， the complexity， cost of testability， technique level， work time and work condition of products were used as five factors which affected the testability allocation. The method of analytic of hierarchy process（AHP） was used to study the proper weight of units’ importance， and the quantitative analysis method of testability allocation was put forward. The rationality and feasibility of this method are proved by calculation results at last.

Key words: Analytic of hierarchy process； Testability allocation； Turning system

9. 奇异谱多参数分析在发动机检测中的应用 陈志伟1， 徐振阳1， 戴汇川2， 刘 斌3
（1. 解放军73111部队，福建 厦门 361025； 2. 解放军75240部队，广东 潮州 521041；3. 解放军71320部队，河南 开封 475003）

摘 要：针对发动机性能检测中时域分析数据随机性大、测量不准确的缺点，结合工程实际，提出利用奇异谱作为振动信号特征参数进行发动机性能检测的新方法。在讨论了奇异谱的计算方法和物理意义基础上，重点对发动机性能检测的方法进行了阐述，首先建立正常状态的模式向量，再运用多参数分析理论计算待检向量与正常模式向量之间的关联度从而了解发动机的性能状况。通过实际应用，取得了较好效果，具有计算速度快、可靠性高的特点。

关键词：奇异谱；多参数分析；检测；门限关联度；发动机
中图分类号：TP274+.5；U467.2 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0034-03

Singular spectral multi-parameter analyses and its application in engine test
CHEN Zhi-wei1， XU Zhen-yang1， DAI Hui-chuan2， LIU Bin3
（1. PLA Unit 73111，Xiamen 361025，China； 2. PLA Unit 75240，Chaozhou 521041，China；
3. PLA Unit 71320，Kaifeng 475003，China）

Abstract: In engine test， the data of the time domain analyses are not exact， and there is much random. Aiming at the actual application， a new method of engine test is presented based on singular spectral analyses. In this method， singular spectral of vibration signal acts as characteristic parameters for testing engine performance. The computing method and physical meaning of singular spectral are discussed， and the engine test method is shown. Firstly， the standard normal pattern vector is built， and the relation strength between the standard normal pattern vector and the pending vector is computed using the multi-parameter analyses theory to get the engine performance. In application， the excellent effect is gotten with high speed and reliability.

Key words: Singular spectral； Multi-parameter analyses； Test； Threshold relation strength； Engine

10. 微波消解在茶叶和土壤稀土元素与重金属元素分析中的应用
谭和平， 吕 昊， 高 杨， 张玉兰， 陈能武， 王晓玲， 唐 宇
（无损探伤技术研究院，四川 成都 610021）

摘 要：采用微波消解法对茶叶和土壤样品进行处理，以ICP-MS测定了其中的稀土、重金属元素以及I，Te，Rb等鲜有报道的元素，完善了微波消解技术的应用体系，并与电热板消解法做了准确度、精密度与回收率比较。方法检出限（LOD）为0.4（Se）～0.001（Te） ng?g-1。实验证明，微波消解法能够完全满足土壤和茶叶中重金属与稀土元素消解的要求。

关键词：微波消解；稀土元素；重金属元素；电感耦合等离子体质谱
中图分类号：TN015；TS272 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0037-04

Application of microwave digestion in tea and soil pretreatment
TAN He-ping， LV Hao， GAO Yang， ZHANG Yu-lan， CHEN Neng-wu， WANG Xiao-ling， TANG Yu
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）

Abstract: Rare earth elements， heavy metals and other elements including iodine， tellurium， rubidium in tea and soil were determined by ICP-MS after microwave digestion， and the application database of microwave digestion was renewed. Furthermore， the digestion method was compared with the electricity plate digestion method in those aspects of accuracy， precision and recovery rate. The detection limits of the microwave method were from 0.4（Se）to 0.001（Te）ng?g-1. It was demonstrated that the microwave digestion pretreatment could satisfy the requirements of rare earth elements and heavy metals in tea and soil.

Key words: Microwave digestion； Rare earth elements； Heavy metals； ICP-MS

11. 光谱载体氯化锂对ICP-OES法测定铅锰的影响 陈 江， 杨晓红， 叶 敏， 何晔波， 张海宾
（湖州市环境监测中心站，浙江 湖州 313000）

摘 要：为研究光谱载体LiCl对ICP-OES法测定Pb、Mn的影响，通过测定在不同LiCl浓度、射频功率、观测高度、载气流量和进样量条件下谱线MnⅠ279.482 nm，MnⅠ403.075 nm，MnⅡ257.610 nm，MnⅡ259.372 nm，PbⅠ217.000 nm，PbⅠ283.306 nm，PbⅡ220.353 nm的净强度，得到了各谱线灵敏度的影响规律。证明LiCl是ICP-OES法测定Pb、Mn的良好光谱载体，LiCl增敏ICP-OES法测定地表水中Pb、Mn是可行的。

关键词：LiCl；ICP-OES法；铅；锰；原子线；离子线
中图分类号：O657.319；TG146.1+2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0041-03

Impact of spectrum carrier lithium chloride on determining lead and manganese by ICP-OES
CHEN Jiang， YANG Xiao-hong， YE Min， HE Ye-bo， ZHANG Hai-bin
（Huzhou Environmental Monitoring Center，Huzhou 313000，China）

Abstract: In order to study the impact of spectrum carrier LiCl on determining lead and manganese by ICP-OES， the law of spectrum sensitivity changes was obtained by determining the spectrum net intensity of MnⅠ279.482 nm， MnⅠ403.075 nm， MnⅡ257.610 nm， MnⅡ259.372 nm， PbⅠ217.000 nm， PbⅠ283.306 nm and PbⅡ220.353 nm in different conditions. The conditions were obtained through changing the concentration of LiCl， RF Power， observation height， the flow of carrier gas and injection volume. LiCl was proved to be good spectrum carrier for determining lead and manganese by ICP-OES. It was proved to be feasible for determining lead and manganese in water with Lithium chloride as sensitizer by ICP-OES.

Key words: LiCl； ICP-OES； Lead； Manganese； Atomic line； Ion line

12. 某矿区含碳硅岩和碳质灰岩中铀的分析 邓起鸿
（四川核工业地质局分析测试中心，四川 成都 610503）

摘 要：针对某矿区含碳硅岩和碳质灰岩样品的铀分析应用标准方法分析过程复杂、分析结果不够准确的状况，采用激光荧光法，实验一种快速准确的分析方法。通过马弗炉灼烧和硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸冷浸湿法预处理，在一定的硝酸介质中铀酰离子与荧光增强剂生成稳定络合物，在激光激发下产生荧光。使用MUA型微量铀分析仪可直接用标准加入法测定样品中铀的含量。探讨了样品分解、酸度、灵敏度对不同铀含量样品的测定条件的影响。初步形成一种广含量的铀的可靠分析方法，从而提高了分析效率和准确度，并降低了分析成本。

关键词：激光（紫外）荧光法；铀；碳质灰岩；含碳硅岩；MUA型微量铀分析仪
中图分类号：O657.319；TL212.1 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0044-03

Determination of uranium in ampelitic limestone and carbonaceous quartzite from certain mining area DENG Qi-hong
（Testing and Analysis Center of Sichuan Geological Bureau of Nuclear Industry，Chengdu 610503，China）

Abstract: In order to overcome the shortcomings encountered in using standard methods for uranium determination， a laser-induecd fluorescence detection method was proposed for carbon-silicon limestone and carbon samples collected from tested mining area. The samples were handled by burning in muffle furnace and then treated with cold nitric acid - hydrofluoric acid - perchloric acid system. The result uranyl ions can form stable complex with certain fluorescence enhancer in a nitric acid solution and the complex emits fluorescence under laser excitation. Using this method and MUA-type trace uranium analyzer， the content of uranium in the sample can be determined with the standard addition method. The parameters， such as sample decomposition conditions and acidity， affecting the determination were investigated. The results suggest that the method is rapid， accurate and cost-effective， and can be used for uranium determination in practical samples with a wide linear range.

Key words: Laser（UV）-induced fluorescence； Uranium； Ampelitic limestone； Carbonaceous quartzite； MUA micro-quantity of uranium analyzer

13. 基于PCA-SVMR快速测定复方氯丙那林和对乙酰氨基酚 郭嘉伟1， 谢洪平2
（1. 第三军医大学药学院，重庆 400038； 2. 苏州大学药学院，江苏 苏州 215123）

摘 要：基于主成分分析-支持向量机回归（PCA-SVMR）方法，利用近红外光谱技术研究了复方氯丙那林和复方对乙酰氨基酚两种模型制剂有效组分的快速同时测定，建立了它们的多元校正模型，并以传统的稳健方法偏最小二乘回归（PLSR）为基础考察了PCA-SVMR方法对于小样本药物体系的拟合能力、预测能力和模型稳定性。研究表明，PLSR的预测能力必须以强拟合能力为前提，PCA-SVMR则没有这样的要求，使前者对校正样本的依赖性远强于后者，从而在小样本药物体系中前者的稳定性大大弱于后者，该两种药物制剂的PCA-SVMR多元校正模型的测定准确度总体上优于PLSR。

关键词：主成分分析-支持向量机回归；近红外光谱；复方氯丙那林；复方对乙酰氨基酚；偏最小二乘
中图分类号：R97；O657.33 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0047-03

Fast determination of compound clorprenaline and compound paracetamol based on PCA-SVMR
GUO Jia-wei1， XIE Hong-ping2
（1. College of Pharmacy，The Third Military Medical University，Chongqing 400038，China；
2. College of Pharmacy，Soochow University，Suzhou 215123，China）

Abstract: Based on the method of principal component analysis-support vector machine regression (PCA-SVMR), the fast and simultaneous determination of the effective components in two model pharmaceutical preparations, compound clorprenaline and compound paracetamol, using near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was studied and their multivariate calibration models were established. The fitting capability, prediction capability and the robustness of the PCA-SVMR models built using small sample systems (i.e. their calibration sets containing a little samples) were compared with traditional robust method partial least squares regression (PLSR). The results showed that the prediction capabilities of PLSR models depend on the precondition of their excellent fitting capabilities，but the PCA-SVMR models do not. Therefore, the dependent degree of PLSR models on the calibration samples is more than the PCA-SVMR models, and for the model robustness in the small sample systems of the studied drugs, the former is weaker than the latter, which makes the accuracies of their PCA-SVMR models be superior to the PLSR models on the whole for the two kinds of the researched drugs.

Key words: Principal component analysis-support vector machine regression； Near infrared spectroscopy； Compound clorprenaline； Compound paracetamol； Partial least squares

14. 基于单片机的不对称脉冲轨道电路接收器设计 司开波， 张立材
（西安建筑科技大学信息与控制工程学院，陕西 西安 710055）

摘 要：为了解决以往多数不对称脉冲轨道电路接收器存在缺陷而导致的分路不良问题和电气化区段空闲“红光带”现象，设计了一种新型脉冲轨道电路接收器，系统以PIC16F887单片机为核心处理单元，自动实现对由轨道变压器传来的不对称脉冲信号进行处理和判决，重点讨论了接收器工作流程、硬件电路实现以及软件设计。实践表明，系统能够有效地解决以往接收系统存在的不足，处理数据快速准确，减小了体积，提高了可靠性和抗干扰能力。

关键词：不对称脉冲轨道电路；单片机；接收器；分路不良；红光带
中图分类号：U213.2；TP368.2 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0050-03

Design of asymmetric impulse track circuit receiver based on single-chip microcomputer
SI Kai-bo， ZHANG Li-cai
（Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology，Xi’an 710055，China）

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of bad shunting and red light strip phenomenon at electric railway section caused by the defective of asymmetric pulse track circuit receiver formerly， a new type of asymmetric impulse track circuit receiver is designed. It takes the PIC16F887 single-chip microcomputer as central processing unit of the system， realizes processing and judging the asymmetric impulse from the track transformer automatically. The article focused on the receiver work flow， hardware circuit and software design. The practice show that this system can solute the shortcoming of former receiver system， deal with data quickly and accurately， reduce the size of the track circuit， improve the reliability and anti-jamming capability.

Key words: Asymmetric impulse track circuit； Single-chip microcomputer； Receiver； Bad shunting； Red light strip

15. 基于FPGA的QAM信号发生器设计 郝小江， 缪志农， 黄 昆
（攀枝花学院电气信息工程学院，四川 攀枝花 617000）

摘 要：在直接数字频率合成技术原理和正交幅度调制信号发生器原理的基础上，利用FPGA的DSP开发工具DSP Builder对正交幅度调制信号发生器建模设计，对模型进行算法仿真产生QAM信号。然后利用ALTERA公司提供的Singalcompiler工具对其进行编译，产生QuartusII能够识别的VHDL源程序和ATOM网表文件，同时用ModelSim和QuartusII进行功能仿真和时序仿真，仿真结果表明设计方法的正确性和实用性。

关键词：现场可编程门逻辑器；正交幅度调制信号发生器；直接数字频率合成；DSP Builder；仿真
中图分类号：TN911.23；TP391.9 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0053-03

Design of QAM signal generator based on FPGA
HAO Xiao-jiang， MIAO Zhi-nong， HUANG Kun
（School of Information and Electric Engineering of Panzhihua University，Panzhihua 617000，China）

Abstract: The principles of direct digital frequency synthesis and quadrature amplitude modulation（QAM） signal generator were introduced. The QAM signal generator was designed with DSP Builder of FPGA， algorithms simulation was used to the module， and QAM signal was generated. Then the ALTERA signal compiler tool was used to compile the model， and the QuartusII compatible VHDL source program and ATOM net list file were generated. Simultaneously， the function simulation and timing simulation of QAM were completed with ModelSim and QuartusII respectively， and the results showed that the method was correct and practicable.

Key words: FPGA； QAM signal generator； DDS； DSP builder； Simulation

16. 一种脉宽精密可控的脉冲信号电路设计 朱 楠， 黄建国， 付在明
（电子科技大学自动化工程学院，四川 成都 611731）

摘 要：鉴于脉冲技术在现代电子技术领域中所发挥的基础作用，针对传统的可分立元件所构建的脉冲产生电路功能单一、不可编程、脉冲宽度难以调整和控制以及数字化、集成化程度低等不足，提出了一种基于可编程逻辑器件FPGA和高速ECL器件的合成脉冲脉宽的调整方案，通过FPGA内部计数器和可编程延迟芯片的共同配合实现了脉冲宽度的大范围精密连续可调的目标，并详细论述了电路的基本原理及硬件的基本组成。通过实验验证，该方案对脉冲宽度精密控制可行可靠。

关键词：FPGA器件；可编程延迟芯片；脉冲合成；脉宽；窄脉冲
中图分类号：TM935.41；TN911.7 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0056-03

Pulse signal circuit design for precise control of pulse width
ZHU Nan， HUANG Jian-guo， FU Zai-ming
（School of Automation Engineering，University of Electroinc Science and Technology of China，Chengdu 611731，China）

Abstract: In the view that the pulse technique is the foundation for modern electronic technology， and in connection with the deficiency of pulse-generating circuit constructed by traditional discrete components， which was single-function， not programmable， hard to control the pulse width as well as low digitization and integration， an adjustment scheme based on FPGA and high-speed ECL devices has been presented. It made the use of internal counter together with programmable delay chip to adjust the pulse width extensively， precisely and continuously. Simultaneously， it discussed the operation theory and configuration of the design circuit， as well as the feasibility and reliability is verified by test.

Key words: FPGA； Programmable delay chip； Pulse synthesis； Pulse width； Narrow pulse

17. 基于ZigBee技术的无线环高测量仪系统 张 艺， 廖俊必
（四川大学制造科学与工程学院，四川 成都 610065）

摘 要：针对环高测量仪布线复杂、机动性差、难以组网等问题，采用ZigBee芯片CC2430设计并实现了一种无线环高测量仪系统。根据ZigBee无线传感网的应用特点，重点讨论了系统的硬件实现、软件设计方法以及监控系统的实现。系统由8031单片机控制的环高测量仪、基于ZigBee芯片CC2430的无线网络以及基于LabVIEW串口通信的上位计算机组成。通过对该系统的测试，系统工作正常，网络拓扑结构稳定，满足实时监测的需求，同时系统移植能力强，可以应用到其他监测领域。

关键词：环高测量；无线传感器网络；ZigBee芯片；测量节点；LabVIEW软件

中图分类号：TR212.1；TN919.2 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0059-04

Research on ZigBee-based wireless measuring piston ring system ZHANG Yi， LIAO Jun-bi
（School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering，Sichuan University，Chengdu 610065，China）

Abstract: To address the issues such as complex wiring connection， poor mobility and difficult to form network for the measuring piston ring system， a wireless measuring system based on ZigBee chip CC2430 was designed and implemented. According to the application characteristics of ZigBee wireless sensor network， the whole structure of system， the software design of network node as well as the monitoring system based on LabVIEW were introduced in detail. The system is composed of measuring piston ring instrument controlled by 8031 microcomputer， wireless network based on ZigBee chip CC2430 and LabVIEW-based host computer. The testing results suggest that the system is working well， having stable network topology， and meeting the demand of real-time monitoring. In addition， the system is also applicable in other areas of monitoring owing to its strong ability of transplant.

Key words: Piston ring measuring； Wireless sensor network；ZigBee chip；Sensor nodes；LabVIEW

18. 基于LabVIEW构建电子仪器自动测试系统
李海明， 朱保安， 王双记
（91388部队96分队，广东 湛江 524022）

摘 要：针对电子仪器种类繁多、通信接口和控制命令各不相同的情况，利用LabVIEW构建自动测试模块的方法实现对各类通用仪器的自动测试。通过LabVIEW强大灵活的仪器控制功能,利用VISA函数实现模块的执行。该自动测试模块准确可靠、可移植性强、用途广泛，任意接口仪器的自动测试工作均可顺利开展，大大提高了测试能力。

关键词：电子仪器；自动测试系统；LabVIEW软件；VISA函数；自动测试模块

中图分类号：TP273；TP311.52 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0063-03

Automatic test system for electronic instruments based on LabVIEW
LI Hai-ming， ZHU Bao-an， WANG Shuang-ji
（The 96 Unit of Army 91388，Zhanjiang 524022，China）

Abstract: Because of various kinds of electronic instruments and many differences of communications interface and control commands， by using LabVIEW to build an automatic test module can implement the purpose of automatically test most general instruments. The purpose of build an automatic test module is to provide users customize their own platform in the automatic test system， and use the powerful and flexible LabVIEW instrument control functions and VISA make the module work. LabVIEW-based automatic test module is accurate， reliable， and more portable and has very wide range of usage. It can connect with any interface of instruments to make sure the automatic test carry out smoothly， so that the ability of test can be improved greatly.

Key words: Electronic instruments； Automatic test system； LabVIEW； VISA； Automatic test module

19. S3C2440嵌入式音频系统设计与实现 米韶华1， 康 东1， 杨小峰1， 戴树潭2
（1. 成都理工大学核技术与自动化工程学院，四川 成都 610059；2. 渤海装备第一机械厂华新检测公司，河北 沧州 062658）

摘 要：设计开发的基于ARM处理器可同时实现网络收音机和MP3播放器功能的嵌入式平台。利用S3C2440芯片的特点，以ARM处理器及其外围模块为硬件平台，采用嵌入式Linux作为操作系统，用MPLAYER播放软件，实现了MP3播放器及网络收音机的全部功能。在软件方面，为了更好支持对音频数据的播放，在Mplayer源码中添加Madlib库和Live协议包。测试结果表明，系统性能良好，具有较好的市场应用前景。

关键词：嵌入式系统；网络收音机；MP3播放器
中图分类号：TN915.85；TN912.34 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0066-04

Research and implementation of embedded audio system based on S3C2440
MI Shao-hua1， KANG Dong1， YANG Xiao-feng1， DAI Shu-tan2
（1. College of Automation，Chengdu University of Technology，Chengdu 610059，China；
2. Hebei Huasin Inspection Company，Cangzhou 062658，China）

Abstract: An embedded platform has been designed based on ARM processor， which realizes the functions of Ethernet radio and MP3 player. Based on the characteristics of S3C2440， the system is designed by using ARM processor and some outer module as hardware platform， using embedded Linux as operation system， and using Mplayer as Ethernet broadcast software. In order to support a smooth process of data， the Madlib and live protocols has been added to the source software， Mplayer. The test results indicate that the performance of this system is excellent. It will have a wide foreground of market application.

Key words: Embedded system； Ethenet radio； MP3 player

20. 基于LabVIEW和PXI设计通用仪器仪表综合检定系统 张丽梅， 潘海飞， 吴清源
（91388部队96分队，广东 湛江 524022）

摘 要：针对远离实验室使用的通用仪器仪表难于开展计量测试的问题，在LabVIEW环境下利用PXI平台建立通用仪器仪表综合检定系统来实现现场计量测试。根据虚拟仪器的设计思想，将NI功能模块利用PXI总线连接起来，在模块化软件控制下组合使用，采用VISA函数进行USB、RS-232、GPIB等各种接口的仪器通信，实现示波器、信号发生器、频率计、数字万用表等通用仪器的检测。该检定系统具有机动灵活、准确可靠、通用性强、可扩展性好等特点，能满足通用仪器仪表现场计量的要求。

关键词：LabVIEW软件；PXI总线；虚拟仪器；通用仪器仪表
中图分类号：TP273+.5；TP311.52 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0070-04

Comprehensive calibration system based on LabVIEW & PXI for universal instruments
ZHANG Li-mei， PAN Hai-fei， WU Qing-yuan
（The 96 Unit of Army 91388，Zhanjiang 524022，China）

Abstract: At present， the long-distance universal instruments are difficult to test. This paper proposed a comprehensive calibration system design for universal instruments， which can realize locale test based on LabVIEW & PXI. According to the virtual instrument principle， the NI modules and the bus of PXI can be connected and used under the control of modular software. Communication was accomplished by USB， RS-232 and GPIB interface with VISA. The designed system can realize the test of oscillograph， signal generator， cymometer and digital multimeter. And it is flexible， accurate and reliable， compatible and expandable， which can satisfy the requirements of spot tests.

Key words: LabVIEW； PXI； Virtual instrument； Universal instrument

21. 剂量仪积分非线性的一种快速软件解决方法 李明豫1， 郑永明2， 郑美扬3
（1. 贵州省遵义市产品质量检验检测院，贵州 遵义 563000；2. 无损探伤技术研究院，四川 成都 610021；3. 成都理工大学，四川 成都 610059）

摘 要：针对剂量仪硬件电路积分非线性这一普遍现象,提出了一种软件的方法解决硬件电路的非线性问题。该方法通过标准分段查询，即建立约定真值与示值之间的对应数据表，再经过逆运算就可以得到测量值。通过实验验证，该方法是准确、快速的，可以广泛应用于二次仪表开发过程中的线性修正，用“软”办法解决电路的“硬伤”。

关键词：积分非线性；直线拟合；分段查询
中图分类号：O241.4；TP311.52 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0074-03

Fast way for solving integral nonlinearity of dose meter by software
LI Ming-yu， ZHENG Yong-ming， ZHENG Mei-yang
（1. Zunyi Institute of the Inspection and Supervision of the Quality of Manufactured Products，Zunyi 563000，China；
2. National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China；
3. Chengdu University of Technology，Chengdu 610059，China）

Abstract: Nonlinear integration of electric circuit is often found for dose monitor hardware. In this paper， a method based on software， in which Standard segmentation-Query is adopted， was established to address this problem. In this method， corresponding data sheet of promissory truth-value and indicating value was set up and the measured value could be obtained by inverse operation. Experiment tests proved that the method was correct and fast， and it could be used in the linear correction for the second development of instruments. This is the “tempered way” to solve the “hard wound”.

Key words: Integral nonlinearity； Fitting a straight line； Sectionalized inquiring

22. LabWindows/CVI电场自动控制系统研制 陈 星， 武占成， 范丽思
（军械工程学院静电与电磁防护研究所，河北 石家庄 050003）

摘 要：基于LabWindows/CVI开发平台构建了电场自动控制系统，提出了GTEM室内场强的校正方式和软件的编制流程，在开环校正的基础上，通过对开环校正数据文件的调用实现了更为精确的闭环校正。经过校正后的场强值满足规定的场强误差限，适合用于RS103电场辐射敏感度自动测试。

关键词：LabWindows/CVI平台；GTEM；自动控制；多线程；辐射敏感度
中图分类号：TM937.1；TP311.52 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0077-04

Development of electric field automatic control system based on LabWindows/CVI
CHEN Xing， WU Zhan-cheng， FAN Li-si
（Institute of Electrostatic and Electromagnetic Protection，Ordnance Engineering College，Shijiazhuang 050003，China）

Abstract: An automatic control system for electric field was constructed with LabWindows/CVI development program. The program procedure and field calibrated mode in the GTEM cell have been expatiated. With the help of the data file， which was produced by the open loop calibration， more accurate calibration for closed loop is realized. After being calibrated， the field generated in GTEM cell can meet the requested error limit， making the system available for the automatic test of RS232 electric field radiation susceptibility.

Key words: LabWindows/CVI； GTEM； Automatic control； Multithread； Radiation susceptibility

23. USB多路数据采集器 狄旭明， 吴建平
（成都理工大学核技术与自动化工程学院，四川 成都 610059）

摘 要：针对目前大多数采集系统无法实现多通道高分辨率采样及携带不方便等情况，提出了一种基于USB的多路数据采集系统的设计方法。系统利用ARM+FPGA+AD7656的系统组合实现16路通道同步信号采样，FPGA用于实现对A/D转换的逻辑控制，通过ARM7处理器对A/D转换数据进行处理，再由USB接口与计算机进行数据通信。测试结果表明，基于FPGA与ARM的多通道数据采集系统结构简单、控制方便、设计成本较低，能够准确快速地对16路信号同时进行采集。

关键词：数据采集；多通道高分辨率采样；FPGA器件；ARM处理器；AD7656转换器
中图分类号：TP334.7；TP274+.2 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0081-03

Multi-channel data acquisition system base on USB
DI Xu-ming， WU Jian-ping
（College of Applied Nuclear & Automation Engineering，Chengdu University of Technology，Chengdu 610059，China）

Abstract: As most current acquisition systems can not implement multi-channel sampling with a high-precision and are inconvenient to carry， it has been put forward a design of multi-channel data acquisition system based on USB. The system uses the compound mode of ARM+FPGA+AD7656 to implement 16-channel synchronous sampling. The FPGA is used to complete the logic control of the A/D conversion， and use the ARM7 processor to process the data of A/D conversion. Then the system would communicate with computer through the USB interface in order to transmit the result data of A/D conversion. The test result shows that the multi-channel data acquisition system based on FPGA and ARM has the advantages of simple structure， lower design cost and convenient control. The system is able to pick up signals quickly and accurately through 16 channels simultaneously.

Key words: Data sampling； Multi-channel parallel sampling； FPGA； ARM； AD7656

24. 串口AD嵌入式Linux驱动实现 杨小容，　陈建政
（西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610031）

摘 要：介绍了串行外设接口（SPI）在高速串行模数转换器TLC2543与ARM微处理器S3C2440的接口中的应用方案，针对ARM微处理器S3C2440和嵌入式Linux操作系统构建的开发平台，给出了S3C2440和TLC2543的详细硬件连接图和Linux下嵌入式驱动的实现方法及动态模块加载过程。方法同样适用于其他具有SPI接口的串行A/D转换器和微处理之间的接口与编程。TLC2543和S3C2440基于SPI的串行通信为高速数据采集的嵌入式设备提供了一种解决方案。

关键词：S3C2440微处理器；TLC2543芯片；SPI驱动程序；A/D转换器；嵌入式Linux
中图分类号：TN911.7；TP334.4 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0084-04

Implementation of the serial port AD driver in embedded Linux
YANG Xiao-rong， CHEN Jian-zheng
（State Key Laboratory of Traction Power，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China）

Abstract: This paper presented the application of SPI to the interface between the high-speed serial A/D converter （TLC2543） and the ARM microprocessor（S3C2440）， aiming at developing a platform based on S3C2440 and embedded system Linux. It described the connection of the TLC2543 and the S3C2440 as well as its driver and the realization of dynamic module loading. The connection method is also applicable to other serial A/D converter and microprocessor that have SPI functions. The serial communication between TLC2543 and S3C2440 by SPI also provides a solution for the high-speed data acquisition of embedded devices.

Key words: S3C2440； TLC2543； SPI driver； A/D converter； Embedded Linux

25. 基于BF531的数字存储示波器BootLoader设计 汤雅妃
（电子科技大学自动化工程学院，四川 成都 610054）

摘 要：启动装载过程是系统程序设计的必须部分，用以把存储器中的程序内容装载到CPU片内ROM中并启动系统。通过分析嵌入式操作系统的启动装载原理，提出一种基于BF531 DSP的无操作系统数字存储示波器的启动加载程序设计，以ADI公司的BF531为核心，控制Flash，SDRAM等硬件的初始化并控制SL811从USB中读写更新文件。实验结果表明，该设计能实现系统正常模式启动装载和在线升级功能，且操作简单，执行效率高。

关键词：启动装载；在线升级；BF531；数字存储示波器；USB2.0
中图分类号：TM935.37；TP311.52 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0088-03

Bootloader design of digital storage oscilloscope based on BF531
TANG Ya-fei
（School of Automation Engineering，University of Electronic Science and Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）

Abstract: Bootloader， which is used to load programs into on-chip ROM and startup system at the same time， is an indispensable part of system procedures. After analyzing the principle of bootloader in embedded operating system， the author had designed a bootloader based on BF531 DSP for a digital storage oscilloscope without operating system. The design used ADI BF531 as the core， controlled the initialization of Flash， SDRAM and other hardware， and controlled SL811 to read/write updating files from USB. The experimental results demonstrate that this design can achieve bootloader functions in normal mode and have on-line upgrading function. Also， its operation is easy and it has a good efficiency.

Key words: Bootloader； Online update； BF531； Digital storage oscilloscope； USB2.0

26. 电场法土壤水分传感器研究 唐 洋， 李光林
（西南大学工程技术学院，重庆 400716）

摘 要：合适的土壤水分是作物良好生长和获得高产的条件之一,同时合理灌溉也是节约水资源的有效途径。基于电场法原理研制了测试土壤水分含量的传感器，并利用单片机实现自动控制。通过与烘干法对比研究，该传感器在土壤水分含量小于25%时实验误差小于5%，完全能满足农业生产需要。该传感器使用稳定安全，便于携带，能定点实时监测，精度较高，具有实用价值。

关键词：土壤水分；电场；传感器；介电常数
中图分类号：TM937；S151.9+2 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0091-03

Study on a soil moisture sensor based on electric field
TANG Yang， LI Guang-lin
（College of Engineering and Technology，Southwest University，Chongqing 400716）

Abstract: Proper moisture of soil is one of the necessary conditions for crop’s growth and high yield. Meanwhile， reasonable irrigation is an effective way for saving water resources. In this paper， a sensor that is automatically controlled by a microchip was developed for soil moisture measurement based on electric field method Compared with the study of drying and weighing method， the measurement error of the sensor for soils with water content below 25% is less than 5%， indicating that it can meet the requirement of farming satisfactorily. In addition， the sensor is stable， safe， and portable， thus is promising to be used for in-situ measurement of soil moisture.
Key words: Soil moisture； Electric field； Sensor； Dielectric constant

27. 磁悬浮效应微扭矩传感器校准仪设计 徐 君1， 朱 颖1， 潘万苗1， 应 献1， 葛荣杰2
（1. 国家电机及机械零部件产品质量监督检验中心，浙江 台州 318000； 2. 94782部队，浙江 杭州 310021）

摘 要：微扭矩传感器适用于微小扭矩测量，具有测量精度高、分辨率高和不确定度小等特性。常规的扭矩传感器校准仪常采用悬臂梁加砝码的结构，结构简单，稳定性好，但也存在摩擦阻力矩等干扰因素，难以满足微扭矩传感器计量校准。一种新型微扭矩传感器校准仪在原有悬臂梁加砝码的结构基础上，垂直放置扭矩传感器，并采用磁悬浮结构、纯扭矩加载方式和轻质复合材料，极大消除了摩擦阻力矩等干扰因素的负面影响，提高了测量精度。

关键词：校准仪；微小扭矩测量；磁悬浮结构；纯扭矩加载；垂直放置
中图分类号：TP212.1；TM930.12 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）02-0094-03

Design of micro-torque sensor calibrator based on magnetic suspending effect
XU Jun1， ZHU Ying1， PAN Wan-miao1， YING Xian1， GE Rong-jie2
（1. National Center of Supervision and Inspection on Electric Machinery and Mechanical
Components Products Quality，Taizhou 318000，China；
2. 94782 Unit of PLA，Hangzhou 310021，China）

Abstract: Micro-torque sensor which is used in the field of micro torque measurement，has the properties of high measurement precision， high resolution and small uncertainty. Traditional calibrator， which adopts the structure of cantilever and weight， has the advantages of simple structure and good stability. But it also has the disadvantage of frictional torque， can not satisfy the calibration of small torque sensors. A new micro torque sensor calibrator has been designed， which is based on traditional structure of cantilever and weight. It adopts magnetic suspending structure， pure torque-lording and light composite materials， and the torque sensor is vertically placed， which greatly eliminates interfering factors such as frictional torque and hugely improves the measurement precision.

Key words: Calibrator； Micro torque measurement； Magnetic suspending structure； Pure torque-loading； Vertically place